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| EDITORIAL |
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| Year : 2018 | Volume
: 6
| Issue : 2 | Page : 37-38 |
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Preface to second issue of Heart India 2018
Alok Kumar Singh
Department of Cardiology, Heritage Hospital, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| Date of Web Publication | 19-Jun-2018 |
Correspondence Address:
Alok Kumar Singh
Department of Cardiology, Heritage Hospital, Varanasi - 221 005, Uttar Pradesh
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/heartindia.heartindia_19_18
How to cite this article:
Singh AK. Preface to second issue of Heart India 2018. Heart India 2018;6:37-8 |
In this issue of “Heart India,” we are publishing exclusively only six original research articles. Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common type of congenital disability, which constitutes an important group of pediatric illness and a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity.[1] In first original research article, Vyas et al. have studied the burden of congenital heart diseases in a tertiary cardiac care institute in Western India. Of total 22,275 cases, CHDs were diagnosed in 9728 cases with a male-to-female ratio of 1:0.6. Most CHDs (62.77%) were diagnosed between 1 month and 6 years of age. The incidence of cyanotic CHD was 27.14% and acyanotic CHDs was 72.86%, with a ratio of cyanotic to acyanotic CHD being 1:2.7. Ventricular septal defect (26.24%) was the most common acyanotic CHD found followed by 2089 patients of atrial septal defect. Tetralogy of Fallot (13.57%) was the most common cyanotic CHD found followed by double-outlet right ventricle in 276 patients (2.84%).
In second original research article, Modaresahmadi et al. have studied the risk of development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Among 106 participants, there were 72 participants with DM, and the majority of these participants had comorbidities including hypertension and other CVDs. According to the data collected from DM participants, it was observed that 77.77% had elevated serum creatinine value, 27.77% had elevated blood urea level, 61.11% had abnormal high-density lipoprotein value, 65.27% had elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) value, and 26.38% had elevated very LDL value. Total triglycerides level was also observed to be high in 54.16% of the DM participants. Moreover, the results indicated that CVD was present in 77.78% of type 2 diabetic patients, which was comparatively higher than in nondiabetic participants of whom 32.35% had CVD.
Bifurcation comprises 15%–20% of all percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs).[2] The optimal management is still a debate. Provisional stenting is preferred technique. In third original research article, Chalwade et al. have studied the 6-month outcome in patients undergoing PCI for true bifurcation lesions without side branch stenting. Fifty-three consecutive patients of true bifurcation lesions were studied. They underwent main vessel stenting and were followed up for 6 months. Mean age of 54.9 ± 8.4 was studied, 66% were male, 45.3% were single-vessel disease, left anterior descending-diagonal was the most common (43.4%) target bifurcation lesion, most common medina class was 1, 1, 1 (43.4%). On 6-month follow-up, total major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were 12 (22.6%) and most were contributed by target lesion revascularization 11 (20.75%). The MACE was significantly associated with diabetes and the extent of coronary artery disease. Authors of this study concluded that simple stenting strategy in true bifurcation lesions is associated with high MACE.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is strongly associated with very high mortality rates and accelerated CVD.[1] The main concern for individuals with CKD is the incidence of cardiovascular events including coronary heart disease, CVD, and peripheral vascular disease. In fourth original research article, Pradhan et al. have evaluated the short-term outcomes of impaired creatinine clearance in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) in a prospective cohort study at tertiary care center. Authors of this study concluded that almost one-third of the patients presenting with ACS have impaired creatinine clearance. Patients with impaired creatinine clearance have a worse outcome in hospital vis-a-vis their contemporary groups with normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). eGFR is a better risk assessment parameter than SCr for predicting MACE and overall mortality in ACS patients.
Atherosclerosis is an important cause of vascular complications and is accelerated in patients of diabetes. Intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid artery is considered to be an excellent noninvasive measure of generalized atherosclerosis. In fifth original research article, Taneja et al. have studied the frequency of increased carotid IMT and its relation with vascular complication in newly diagnosed patients of type 2 diabetes. Authors of this study have concluded that Type 2 DM can present with or without symptoms, and with chronic vascular complications at the time of diagnosis, measurement of carotid IMT by B Mode ultrasonography is an important noninvasive, cost-effective tool for the diagnosis of subclinical/overt atherosclerosis.
Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography (echo) with Doppler is the method of choice for noninvasive evaluation of prosthetic valve function. In last original research article, Chaudhari et al. have evaluated prosthetic valve dysfunction by 3D echo in 35 selected patients. Authors of this study have concluded that real-time 3D imaging allows clinically useful visualization of prosthetic valve components such as leaflets, rings, and struts of all prosthetic valves, irrespective of position. “En face” view of the valve has proven useful in the assessment of prosthetic valve endocarditis, paravalvular regurgitation, and prosthesis dysfunction. 3D echo imaging plays an important role in device closure.
| References | |  |
| 1. | Bhardwaj R, Rai SK, Yadav AK, Lakhotia S, Agrawal D, Kumar A, et al. Epidemiology of congenital heart disease in India. Congenit Heart Dis 2015;10:437-46.  [ PUBMED] |
| 2. | Latib A, Colombo A. Bifurcation disease: What do we know, what should we do? JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2008;1:218-26. [ PUBMED] |
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